6co2 +12h 2o light → c6h 12o6 +6h 2o+6o2. Where c6h 12o6 represents glucose. The o2 released is from water; This was proved using radio isotope techniques. Note that this is not a single reaction but description of a multistep process called photosynthesis. Can you explain why twelve molecules of water as substrate are used in the equation given? The photosynthesis process occurs largely in the leaves of the plant which are known as the ‘kitchen of the plant’. In some cases, even the stems have the potential to perform photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process in which plants containing chlorophyll convert the carbon dioxide into sugars in the presence of sunlight by a set of redox reactions. Calvin cycle represents a set of reactions which are used to remove electrons from water which are then used to turn carbon dioxide into organic compounds.

Photosynthesis is a redox process. During photosynthesis, water is oxidised into oxygen and carbon dioxide is reduced to sugars. The oxidation of water occurs during the light reaction and reduction of carbon dioxide occurs during the dark reaction. The “z‐scheme” describes the oxidation/reduction changes during the light reactions of photosynthesis. The vertical axis in the figure represents the reduction potential of a particular species—the higher the position of a molecular species, the more negative its reduction potential, and the more easily it donates electrons. Carbon dioxide is essential for the plants to sustain, as it is the carbon fixed from the carbon dioxide during photosynthesis is used for synthesizing glucose. This glucose is then later used during cellular respiration to make atp, the energy molecule. Also, glucose is also used by plants as a vital source of carbon to produce a major part of the plant mass. There are four factors which are necessary for the process of photosynthesis, water, carbon dioxide, sunlight, and chlorophyll. Chlorophyll pigments are present in the plant, carbon dioxide is obtained from the atmosphere, water is absorbed from the soil by the roots.

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There are many other factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis like temperature. In desert plants, the stomata are open amid night. Amid night, desert plants assimilate carbon dioxide and shape a transitional. Photosynthesis in higher plants class 11 cbse revision notes photosynthesis in higher plants is a chapter in class 11 th biology which helps study in detail about photosynthesis. Students already know about the basics of the process from earlier classes.

This chapter will dive deep into the concept. Furthermore, it will especially refer to growth in higher plants. Photosynthesis is a biochemical process by which green plants synthesize simple sugars. The most important factor for photosynthesis is light. The rate of photosynthesis depends on the quantity and quality of light.